Microsoft has never been known for its humane requests for PC hardware. Unlike Linux, which is installed even on the most low-power computer, system Windows requirements 10 is quite high.
What determine the Windows 10 system requirements?
First of all, they are affected by the graphical shell and new features. 10 was developed in accordance with new developments in the field of software. All its capabilities are provided by high hardware performance.
Although Ten is claimed to be a more economical operating system than 7 or 8, it is gradually acquiring updates that consume more and more resources. All the new products announced in it require RAM, hard drive space and processor speed.
The narrator will speak too slowly, Cortana will be annoying with delays in executing commands, and Movie Studio will constantly freeze if your computer does not have the highest performance.
In general, you have to pay for everything. With only the minimum Windows 10 system requirements, you won't get high speeds and lightning-fast performance. Don't forget about additional programs, which are inevitably installed on any PC.
Experienced users multiply the indicators by two. And judging by Microsoft's notes, this will not be enough. Windows 10 system requirements for a laptop are completely similar to those specified for computers.
How to find out your system requirements to install Windows 10
You can determine how suitable your computer is for installing 10 before you start. The installer will analyze your hardware and tell you if you have enough resources.
You can find some parameters in the system properties. Right-click on the “This PC” desktop icon and select the last option.
In the properties window you will learn about RAM and processor.
The capacity of the hard drive can be found in the explorer. Right-click on the shortcut to the disk with the installed OS and select properties.
Look at the values.
To find out everything along with video indicators, use the dxdiag utility. Press WIN+X and enter the command.
In the window you will see absolutely everything specifications your PC.
If your PC has normal settings for Windows 10, but the OS is still very slow and does not work correctly, you may have problems with the registry. Read and clean it.
A user may need to know the characteristics of a computer in a variety of cases. When installing new game or programs we see a list system requirements, which the PC must satisfy for comfortable operation. Updating drivers or selecting components for an upgrade is impossible without knowing the technical parameters of the device. Understanding how to view the characteristics of a computer on Windows 10, you can handle these issues without outside help.
The ability to obtain the necessary configuration information is provided in the operating system itself. First, let's do this without programs, using only the built-in Windows tools.
Properties of the system
Brief characteristics of the computer are contained in the “System Properties” section. In the “ten” it is present in the old and new interface.
- Open the Power User menu using the Win + X key combination and select the marked link to the parameters section we need.
- The window that appears contains information that allows you to find out the model and frequency of the processor, the size of RAM and the bit depth of the OS used.
- Fans of the classic interface may choose a different option for presenting this information. Let's use the Run dialog box. Enter the word “control” into it as shown in the screenshot and open the control panel familiar from previous versions.
- We look for the section indicated in the screenshot and go into it.
- The window contains the same general information about the configuration, version and bitness of the OS used. If you have ever wondered how to find out the operating system of a laptop, then here you will find the answer.
The information obtained by these methods differs only in the form of presentation, so any option can be used.
device Manager
More detailed information about some components is available in the Device Manager. This information can be useful when checking software system requirements. For example, to install games you need to know the model and series of your video card.
- A quick link to access the manager is located in the Start context menu.
- We find the section of video adapters that interests us. Expand the menu to see the cards it contains.
The method is suitable when you need to find out specific model device or driver version used.
Task Manager
One more system utility A task manager that allows you to view data about important components is the task manager. Starting with Windows 8, Microsoft placed a Performance tab in it. It collects data about devices currently in use.
- The task manager is opened by typing the “taskmgr” command in the “Run” window.
- Another method may seem more convenient to some and is to call context menu taskbar. It opens by right-clicking the mouse anywhere that is free from tabs or icons.
- Having launched the utility using the chosen method, go to the “Performance” tab. On the left side, indicated by the number “1,” the devices from which data is read are collected. Using the processor number “2” as an example, we see its model and frequency. The number "3" indicates the area containing information about the number of cores and cache size. The graph shows the load and percentage of CPU power used in real time.
- The next tab gives us information on RAM. The number “2” indicates the total amount of installed RAM. In the area shown by the number “3” we see the frequency at which they operate installed modules, and their form factor.
In the same way, you can view information about the use wireless network Wi-Fi and GPU data.
DirectX
When the question is how to find out which video card is installed on your computer, you should use the DirectX diagnostic tool. The data produced by this system utility contains full information about multimedia capabilities.
- Like most monitoring and diagnostic tools built into Windows, it is launched using a command entered in the Run dialog box. Type “dxdiag” in the text field.
- In the diagnostic tool window that opens, the first tab is called “System”. The number “1” indicates information about the OS used. The version, bit depth and build number are indicated. You can find out the brand of your laptop in the area marked with the number “2”. At the same time, you need to understand that it is sold under a name that is understandable to the buyer, and the internal designation in a series of products has nothing in common with it. It does not show the marketing name of the laptop, but the model number under which it goes through the manufacturer. The block of information indicated by the number “3” allows you to find out which processor is used in the this computer. The full amount of installed memory is also shown here.
- The “Screen” tab is dedicated to data about the graphics accelerator and output devices. The utility window does not scale, so you need to scroll through the “Device” and “Drivers” blocks to see the entire amount of information displayed. The field marked with a “three” contains a list of used interfaces.
- For convenience, we provide a complete excerpt of the information contained in the field marked “1”. At the top we see information about the manufacturer and the series of the video card used. Block “2” contains information about screen resolution and monitor model. The abbreviation PnP in its name indicates support for the Plug and Play standard. Monitors do not require installation of a separate driver, so it is impossible to see the exact information about its manufacturer here.
- The next tab is of interest if we are looking for where to view data about sound card. This completes your work with the diagnostic tool.
The information produced by dxdiag is often required when installing gaming applications. Each game contains requirements for graphics modes and DirectX versions necessary for correct display of events.
This utility was developed by Microsoft to help system administrators to quickly collect information about your PC. Initially it was part of 32 Bit Windows XP. With the release of the 64 Bit version of this OS, they did not create a separate utility. Backward compatibility already made it possible to run it on higher-bit systems. As a result, without any changes it is used in the modern “ten”.
- To obtain information about the system, open “Run” and enter “msinfo32” in the text field.
- The main window of the utility contains basic information about the computer. In the screenshot they are grouped into numbered blocks. The first reports information about the OS version and build. The second is information about the manufacturer and the internal name under which the laptop is produced. The third contains information about the processor manufacturer, its brand and clock frequency. The fourth has data about the RAM size. In addition, you can study information about the BIOS/UEFI version, the location of system files, virtual memory and OS assembly.
- If you expand the “Components” data block, marked in the following screenshot, you will have access to detailed information about some of the PC hardware components. As an example, detailed information about the video card is shown. Considering the previous utility, we have already seen some of them.
This section also contains information about all internal or connected equipment to the PC.
Power Shell
All the information we need about a computer can be obtained using command line or PowerShell.
- Opening Power menu User and go to the item indicated in the screenshot.
- Enter the command “systeminfo”.
- The system will process the request and provide data similar to what we received using the MSinfo utility. Additionally, information regarding installed updates and current network connection.
Now that you know how to view the characteristics Windows computer 10 standard means, we can draw a preliminary conclusion. The data that is available to the user is intended for everyday activities. You can quickly find the necessary information regarding the version and bit depth of the OS, characteristics of the processor, graphics accelerator, and RAM. This is enough for the correct selection and installation of software.
Specialized software
As we already understood, detailed hardware parameters using Windows impossible to obtain. Here we need specialized programs. With their help, you can “pull out” any necessary information. Let's look at the most popular and frequently used versions of such software.
GPU-Z
- The interface is made entirely in English language, but the option for Russian hints is available in the settings. Hovering the cursor over any parameter of interest causes a pop-up window with information to appear.
- The next tab contains the readings of the video card sensors, reflecting them online. You can monitor workload different applications. In the window of each sensor, the update priority is selected.
- The “Advanced” tab allows you to study the card’s operating parameters in different modes loads. At the bottom, you can select an adapter from the drop-down menu: built-in or integrated. At the top, load modes change.
The last tab allows you to send data about the operation of the video adapter to GPU-Z developers by first registering an email.
CPU-Z
Another utility that does not require installation. By analogy with the previous one, it is clear that it is intended to obtain information about the processor. The current version is available on the developers website. CPU-Z has an English interface, but on software portals you can find an adapted version for Russian-speaking users.
- The first tab in the window contains General characteristics processor. Data is updated in real time. CPU-Z reads them from system sensors and groups them into thematic tabs.
- Here we collect data on the use of the processor cache at different implementation levels.
- The third tab contains information about the motherboard, divided into blocks. For convenience, they are indicated by numbers in the screenshot. Block "1" shows the model motherboard, brand of chipset and south bridge. The number “2” contains information about BIOS/UEFI. The manufacturer, version and release date of the installed firmware are indicated.
- Memory characteristics are displayed on two consecutive tabs. “Memory” contains general data, and “SPD” contains analysis tools. It is useful for comparing the performance of brackets installed in different slots of the motherboard. The information allows you to find out the type of RAM used, the frequency and mode of its operation.
- Here are Common parameters video cards.
- The last reviewing tab contains testing and comparison tools. In the area marked with a frame, you can select a processor for comparison and run the test. The graphs indicated by the arrow show performance in single-core and multi-core mode. The indicators of the current CPU are displayed in blue.
Thanks to the structured output of detailed information, the program is popular among ordinary users and overclocking fans. Real-time operation allows you to monitor changes made when overclocking the processor.
Piriform Speccy
The hardware detection program is being developed by Piriform, a company known for its CCleaner cleaner.
- At the time of installation, do not forget to uncheck the box marked exclamation point area so that you don’t accidentally add an “optimizer” to your computer. At the top of the installer window, you can immediately specify the interface language in which the program will run.
- If you forgot to change the language during the installation stage, this is done in the settings, which are located in the “View” menu on the top panel of Piriform Speccy. Here you can set the temperature display mode by switching it from Fahrenheit to Celsius.
- When launched, the program scans your computer and fills the window with general information. Specifications contain information about the installed operating system and the main components of the hardware configuration.
- Sections in Speccy are grouped on the left side of the window, similar to the Windows Quick Navigation area. Data about the operating system is an order of magnitude greater than anything that can be squeezed out of it using standard utilities. Looking at “My Computer”, you will find the OS version and bit depth. Here in one window all the information that a user might need is collected.
- Data about the CPU contains, in addition to the name and frequency, information about the manufacturing process and the connection connector on the motherboard. Information about the current bus frequency and temperature is read directly from the sensors and displayed in real time. By themselves, these data will not say anything, but having them, you can check whether the indicators are normal for this processor model.
- In chapter " RAM» provides information about the physical and virtual components. RAM parameters include total installed capacity, operating frequency, and multi-channel support information. The usage of both types of memory is displayed in real time.
- Information about the system drive is conveniently displayed. The program reads general S.M.A.R.T diagnostic data and, combining them with temperature indicators, gives an overall assessment of the condition. The result is shown under the number "2". The characteristic contained in the first information block is useful for users who believe in myths about the rapid wear of SSD drives. The number of recorded starts and the total time between failures are shown. Resource solid state drive calculated from the first value by several hundred thousand times. The operating time guarantee begins after 1,500,000 hours.
- Information about the operation of the graphics accelerator makes it possible to study the parameters of performance profiles. In the screenshot, the number “1” indicates the current profile, and the number “2” indicates the maximum profile.
The program gives the user the opportunity to study in detail the characteristics of the PC and primary diagnostic tools based on the performance of internal sensors.
AIDA64 Extreme – another one multifunctional program. Exists portable version, distributed as a zip archive. Being shareware, AIDA has a trial period of 30 days.
Throughout the month, some metrics will be randomly overlaid with usage reminders trial version BY. Since the information received by programs from hardware sensors remains unchanged, only the presentation method changes. Let's take a closer look at the features of this program and its differences from the Piriform product.
- The main window is divided into two areas. Any option selected in the tree structure on the left is displayed in the right as a hyperlink.
- The program has rich settings that allow you to disable the display of components that are this moment are not a priority. In the summary information mode, you need to uncheck the sections whose data is not needed by the user.
- Unlike Speccy, which is designed for amateur interest in the hardware components of their computer, AIDA developers do everything at a professional level. Any component is presented as a hyperlink, clicking on which opens an additional menu. The screenshot shows it for the motherboard. Links lead to the manufacturer's company pages with product information or software versions for download.
- The built-in function of synthetic tests allows you to use two dozen different methods. During the test, the hardware configuration works with different load parameters. The result is given in comparison with other processors and motherboard models. Using the “Report” menu indicated by the arrow, the obtained data can be exported to HTML format for further study.
- Additional testing options including general test on system stability are located in the “Tools” menu of the main window.
For all parameters available for viewing and analysis, AIDA Extreme provides accurate and detailed information. The user can not only study the data, but also immediately visit the equipment manufacturer’s website to check for available software updates. The ability to test hardware configuration makes the program stand out from all those considered, making it a professional tool.
Finally
The choice of method or program that you will use to obtain the necessary characteristics depends on the task at hand. Simple data can be obtained using Windows features. Detailed information about a processor or video card is best displayed by specialized CPU-Z and GPU-Z. A full system report can be obtained using the free Piriform Speccy. For serious tasks involving testing, AIDA64 is suitable.
Video
To better understand the features of using the described diagnostic programs, we suggest watching the video below.
The main area that is involved when using a computer. Here users can place folders, shortcuts and program icons. Some services are also displayed on the desktop. For example, "My Computer" and "Trash". But what if you don't see any icons on your desktop? How to fix the situation?
Removing shortcuts
Let's start with the simplest option - this is the banal deletion of previously placed folders and shortcuts on the desktop. This often happens when several people use a PC.
To verify this scenario, the user will need:
- Right-click on any free space on the desktop.
- Select the "Create" line.
- Create a shortcut or folder.
If the resulting object is located on the computer, it’s okay. Icons are not showing on the desktop because someone has deleted them.
You can correct the situation in different ways:
- create shortcuts and folders again;
- restore them from the trash.
In the second case, you will have to open the "Trash", and then select the necessary objects and click on the "Restore" button.
Viruses
The second option, in which icons do not appear on the desktop, is a virus infection. Ideally, the user needs to carry out a complete computer diagnostics using different antiviruses. After this, the operating system must be disinfected and documents that cannot be removed must be deleted.
- Call "Task Manager". For example, using hotkeys. In Windows it is Ctrl, Alt, Del.
- Switch to the "File" tab.
- Click on the "New task" option.
- In the line that appears, type explorer.exe.
- Press the control called "Enter" on the keyboard or click on the inscription "OK" on the screen.
After the actions taken, the user will restore the shortcuts. It did not help? Then you will have to act differently.
Absent on PC
The thing is that viruses can sometimes damage or completely delete files on your computer. This is a fairly common occurrence.
If the steps above for restoring your desktop did not help, it is likely that explorer.exe is missing from your PC.
- Find a user with a similar system or find a trusted data source on the Internet.
- Download document explorer.exe to your computer.
- Upload the document to the Windows system folder.
- Launch it following the instructions above.
If everything is done correctly, the computer's functionality will be restored. Fast, simple and very convenient.
Registry and its values
Why aren't my desktop icons showing? Maybe the system registry is to blame. It is necessary to make adjustments to its values.
In order to cope with the task, you need:
- Press Win + R.
- In the line that appears, type the command regedit.
- Confirm the operation.
- Look along the path indicated in point a.
- Set the Shell value to "explorer.ese" (in English).
- In the Userinit block, indicate the inscription specified in point b.
- Travel to the section - see point c below.
- Remove subitems that have the word explorer in their names. There must be 2 documents.
Here are the sections and addresses you need to go to:
Now everything should work. All that remains is to send the computer to reboot. We found out what to do if work icons are not displayed Windows desktop 7 and more.
Disabling shortcuts
But that is not all. Starting with Windows XP, new add-ons for the desktop were available to users. With their help, users can hide and change the size of shortcuts. System errors may cause related settings to fail.
The user will need to act like this to correct the situation:
- Right-click on the desktop.
- Open the "View" menu item. The screen will appear additional list.
- Place a check mark next to the "Display icons..." item. It is advisable to check the box next to the "Display gadgets..." section.
If everything is done correctly, the shortcuts will appear. As practice shows, the problem under study causes a minimum of trouble. Especially if you follow the suggested instructions.
Service Shortcuts
Sometimes users complain that their desktop icons "My Computer" and "Trash" do not appear. Most likely, the reasons lie in broken system settings.
The guide for restoring system service shortcuts is as follows:
- Press RMB on the desktop.
- Select the "Personalization" option.
- Follow the hyperlink "Customize shortcuts...". It is in the upper left corner.
- Check the boxes of the services whose shortcuts you want to see on your desktop.
- Click on "Ok".
If you, once turning on your desktop computer or laptop (which runs the operating system Windows systems 7, 10, or XP) saw that all your desktop icons have disappeared and you don’t know how to get them back, then this article will help you solve this problem.
There are at least several serious and not so serious reasons for this, and now we will look at them one by one:
Function to enable desktop display.
If your desktop shortcuts are missing and not displayed, but the taskbar is fully functional,
check their availability in system folder, which is called your account name. To do this, call “My Computer” by pressing the keyboard shortcuts “Win + E”. Next, go to drive “C” / users / folder with your name account/ Desktop. And if there are at least some shortcuts there, then you have disabled the display of desktop shortcuts.
Now, in order to restore and pin icons to the desktop, you need to click right click your mouse to an empty space on the desktop, then move the mouse cursor over the “View” section, now you need to check the box next to “Display desktop icons”.
After the manipulations you have done, all your shortcuts should return.
Important: If you do not find any shortcuts in the system folder, then this method cannot return them.
Running the "explorer.exe" subroutine
Explorer.exe – executor system file, which is responsible for launching and displaying the desktop, start menu and taskbar. But it happens that due to virus programs or simply system failures, explorer.exe is disabled. This means you will have to manually make it work. There are two ways to do this:
Via Task Manager
To enable it, you will have to launch the task manager using the keyboard shortcut “Ctrl+Shift+Esc”. After that, first click on “File”, then from the pop-up context menu “Run new task”.
Now you just have to enter “explorer.exe” in the task creation menu and click “OK”.
The startup process may take some time, on average 5-10 seconds.
Important: if after this, the taskbar appears, but it was not possible to return the icons, proceed to step “1” - the function of turning on the desktop display.
Using the registry
To enter the registry of your system, press the key combination “Win + R”, with this action you will call the “Run” task, in which enter the regedit command and click “OK”.
Important: if for some reason this cannot be done, then turn off your PC. Now turn it on and while the Bios is loading, press the F8 key, this will bring up additional boot options for your system, in which you must select the “Safe Mode” option.
Now that you have managed to launch the task registry, go to the folder “Computer / HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon”, now find the “Shell” parameter, open it double click your mouse and, if the value line is empty, enter “explorer.exe” there. Next, click "OK".
After closing the registry, all icons should return to their original place.
Recover accidentally deleted shortcuts using the Recycle Bin
If all the icons have disappeared from the desktop, for example, you accidentally deleted them, then they can be easily restored. The fact is that all the files you delete are stored in a temporary park called the “Trash”. (The “mathcad” program will be used as an example).
And so, we find the trash icon on the desktop and open it. Next, we find the previously deleted program shortcut in it and right-click on it, calling up an additional context menu in which you need to select the “Restore” option.
Important: this method will not work if the shortcut was deleted a long time ago or the trash was emptied.
Reinstall the shortcuts you need
This method is suitable if all previous ones have failed. You just need to place the shortcut on your desktop. To do this, find the program you need in the start menu. And just drag the shortcut to your desktop.
If the start menu is not there necessary program, then search for it manually. You can do this in two ways:
Open the start menu and find the search command, then enter the exact name in the desired line the desired program(example presented on OS Windows 10). When the search returns results, right-click on the icon and select “Open folder containing file.”
When File Explorer opens with the shortcut you want, right-click on it again, then select Send to / Desktop (create shortcut).
System Restore
This method is an extreme one, so if the icons disappeared and you tried to bring the shortcuts back to the desktop, but none of the methods described above helped, then you should run the system restore task. But don’t worry, this method is not as scary as the name might suggest. System Restore serves as a kind of rollback to your system. That is, by running this procedure, say, on the 19th day, all programs that you installed after this date will be deleted, and any changes related to the system will also be canceled.
Important: files, text documents or movies that are on your computer will remain unchanged. Only third-party programs will be removed.
And so, in order to start this procedure, open “My Computer” and right-click on an empty space. Then, from the provided context menu list, select the “Properties” option.
Now that a new window has opened, go to the System Protection section.
Now you are transferred to the “System Properties” menu, in which you need to remain on the “System Protection” tab and click on “Restore”.
The system recovery setup menu will then launch.
Important: you must select a restore point that was created before any problem appeared.
During recovery, your computer may restart several times - this is normal. The recovery itself takes up to 30 minutes maximum, it all depends on the hardware and how long ago the recovery point was.
Conclusion
Do not despair if you have lost icons from your desktop; after reading our article and the methods proposed in it, you will be able to cope with the problem that has arisen. Start from the first point to the last, because let me remind you that system recovery is a last resort method.
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