One of the most common DBMS used in large organizations is Microsoft SQL server, a DBMS from Microsoft. It uses a relational data model. Microsoft SQL server is a client-server DBMS, which makes it good for use in large organizations that have a powerful server. The MS SQL Server 2005 data platform includes the following database tools:
- · Support for structured and unstructured (XML) data.
- · Replication Services: data replication for distributed and mobile applications data processing, high system availability, scalable parallelism with secondary data stores for enterprise reporting solutions, and integration with heterogeneous systems, including existing Oracle databases.
- · Notification Services: Advanced notification capabilities for developing and deploying scalable applications capable of delivering personalized, timely updates information to a multitude of connected and mobile devices.
- · Integration Services: extract, transform, and load capabilities for data warehousing and enterprise-wide data integration.
- · Analysis Services: Real-time analytical processing (OLAP) for fast, complex analysis of large and mixed datasets using multidimensional storage.
- · Reporting Services: A comprehensive solution for creating, managing and delivering both traditional paper-based reports and interactive WWW-based reports.
- · Management tools: SQL Server includes management tools for advanced database management and configuration, as well as tight integration with tools such as Microsoft Operations Manager (MOM) and Microsoft Systems Management Server (SMS). Standard data access protocols significantly reduce the time required to integrate SQL Server data with existing systems. In addition, support for Web services is built in to provide interoperability with other applications and platforms.
- · Development tools: SQL Server offers integrated development tools for the database engine, data extraction, transformation and loading, information extraction, OLAP, and reporting that are tightly integrated with Microsoft Visual Studio® to provide end-to-end application development capabilities. Each major subsystem of SQL Server comes with its own object model and set of APIs to extend the data system in any direction that is unique to your business.
The features of this DBMS are the following tools:
SQL Server Management Studio. SQL Server simplifies management by providing a single, integrated management console for monitoring and managing SQL Server, Integration Services, Analysis Services, Reporting Services, Notification Services, and SQL Mobile relational databases across a large number of distributed servers and databases. DBAs can perform multiple tasks at the same time, including creating and executing a query, viewing server objects, managing an object, monitoring system activity, and viewing online help. SQL Server Management Studio provides a development environment for creating, editing, and managing scripts and stored procedures using Transact-SQL, Multidimensional Expressions (MDX), XMLA, and SQL Server Mobile Edition. Management Studio easily integrates with the version control system. Management Studio also contains tools for scheduling SQL Server Agent tasks and managing Plans Maintenance to automate daily maintenance tasks. Combining management and creation tasks in one tool, coupled with the ability to manage all types of servers, provides improved productivity for database administrators.
Proactive Performance Monitoring and Tuning SQL Server provides over 70 new measures of internal database performance and resource usage from memory, locks and scheduling to transactions and network and disk I/O. These Dynamic Management Views (DMVs) provide greater transparency and visibility into the state of the database and a powerful framework for proactive monitoring of database health and performance.
SQL Management Objects SQL Management Objects (SMOs) are a new set of programming objects that provide complete functionality for managing a SQL Server database. In fact, Management Studio is built on SQL Management Objects. SMO is implemented as a Microsoft . NET Framework. SMO can be used to automate common SQL Server administration tasks such as programmatically retrieving configuration settings, creating databases, running Transact-SQL scripts, creating SQL Server Agent jobs, and scheduling Reserve copy. The SMO object model is a more secure, reliable, and scalable replacement for the Distributed Control Objects (DMO) that are included with previous versions SQL Server.
Dedicated Administrative Connection SQL Server brings a dedicated administrative connection to access the server even if it is not responding or otherwise unavailable. This allows you to run diagnostic functions or Transact-SQL statements to resolve problems on the server. The administrative connection is activated by members of the sysadmin fixed server role and is only available through the utility command line SQLCMD either locally or from a remote machine.
Web services support In SQL Server, you can develop XML Web services at the database level using SQL Server as an HTTP listener. This gives new way access to these applications that are centered around Web services. In SQL Server 2005, you can use HTTP to directly access SQL Server without using an intermediate listener such as Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS). SQL Server provides a Web service interface for executing SQL statements and calling functions and procedures. Query results are returned in XML format, and here you can take advantage of the Web services infrastructure visual studio.
It is important to note that MS SQL Server is designed to work specifically on Windows platform. This limits its use in various fields of activity. In addition, Microsoft is focused on reducing the cost of the DBMS, which leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of reliability and security tools. This is an important factor when choosing a DBMS for an organization.
Database management system (DBMS)- this is a common set of various software components of databases and databases themselves, containing the following components:
database applications;
client components;
database servers;
the actual database.
Database Application is software special purpose, developed and implemented by users or third-party software companies. In contrast, client components is a general purpose database software developed and implemented by a database company. Using client components, users can access data stored on a local or remote computer.
Database server performs the task of managing the data stored in the database. Clients interact with the database server by sending queries to it. The server processes each request it receives and sends the results to the appropriate client.
DBMS features
In general terms, a database can be viewed from two perspectives - the user and the database system. Users see a database as a set of logically related data, but for a database system, it is just a sequence of bytes that are usually stored on disk. Although these are two completely different views, there is something in common between them: a database system must provide not only an interface that allows users to create databases and retrieve or modify data, but also system components to manage stored data. Therefore, the database system should provide the following capabilities:
various user interfaces;
physical data independence;
logical data independence;
query optimization;
data integrity;
concurrency control;
backup and recovery;
database security.
All of these features are briefly described in the following sections.
Diverse user interfaces
Most databases are designed and implemented to work with them. different types users with different levels of knowledge. For this reason, the database system must provide several distinct user interfaces. User interface can be graphic or text.
IN graphical interfaces input is carried out using the keyboard or mouse, and the output is implemented in a graphical form on the monitor. A variation of the text interface often used in database systems is the command line interface, through which the user enters input by typing commands on the keyboard, and the system displays the output in text format on the monitor.
Physical Data Independence
Physical data independence means that database applications are independent of the physical structure of the data stored in the database. This important feature allows you to change the stored data without having to make any changes to the database applications.
For example, if the data was first ordered according to one criterion, and then this order was changed according to another criterion, changing the physical data should not affect existing applications databases or its schema (a description of the database created by the data definition language of the database system).
Logical data independence
When processing files using traditional programming languages, files are declared by application programs, so any changes to the structure of a file usually require corresponding changes to be made to all programs using it.
Database systems provide logical file independence, that is, in other words, the logical structure of the database can be changed without the need to make any changes to the database applications. For example, adding an attribute to an object structure already existing in the database system named Person (for example, an address) necessitates modifications only to the logical structure of the database, not to existing applications. (However, applications will need to be modified to use the new column.)
Query Optimization
Most database systems contain a subcomponent called optimizer, which considers several possible strategies for executing a data request and chooses the most efficient one among them. The chosen strategy is called request execution plan. The optimizer makes its decision based on factors such as the size of the tables being queried, the existing indexes, and the logical operators (AND, OR, or NOT) used in the WHERE clause.
Data integrity
One of the challenges facing a database system is to identify logically inconsistent data and prevent it from being put into the database. (An example of such data would be the date "February 30" or the time "5:77:00".) In addition, for most real-world tasks that are implemented using database systems, there are integrity constraints that must be true for the data. (An example of an integrity constraint would be the requirement that an employee's personnel number be a five-digit integer.)
Ensuring data integrity can be carried out by the user in application program or a database management system. To the maximum extent possible, this task should be carried out by the DBMS.
Concurrency control
The database system is a multi-user system software, which means that multiple user applications access the database at the same time. Therefore, every database system must have some type of mechanism to manage attempts to modify data by multiple applications at the same time. The following is an example of a problem that can occur if the database system is not equipped with such a management mechanism:
There is $1,500 in bank account #3811 at bank X.
The owners of this account, Mrs. A and Mr. B, go to different branches of the bank and simultaneously withdraw $750 each from the account.
The amount remaining in account #3811 after these transactions must be $0, and in no case $750.
All database systems must have the necessary mechanisms to handle such situations, providing concurrency control.
Backup and restore
The database system must be equipped with a subsystem for recovering from errors in software and hardware. For example, if an update of 100 rows of a database table fails, then the recovery subsystem must roll back any updates that have been made to maintain data consistency.
Database Security
The most important database security concepts are authentication and authorization. Authentication is the process of authenticating user credentials to prevent unauthorized users from using the system. Authentication is most commonly implemented by requiring the user to enter their username and password. The system checks the validity of this information to decide whether given user login right or not. This process can be enhanced by the use of encryption.
Authorization is a process applied to users who have already gained access to the system to determine their rights to use certain resources. For example, only administrators can access information about the database structure and system catalog of a particular entity.
Relational database systems
Database Engine Microsoft server SQL Server is a relational database system. The concept of relational database systems was first introduced in 1970 by Edgar F. Codd in "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks". Unlike previous database systems (network and hierarchical), relational database systems are based on a relational data model that has a powerful mathematical theory.
Data model is a set of concepts, relationships between them, and their limitations that are used to represent data in a real-world problem. The central concept of the relational data model is the table. Therefore, from the user's point of view, a relational database contains only tables and nothing else. Tables consist of columns (one or more) and rows (none or more). Each intersection of a row and column of a table always contains exactly one data value.
Working with the demo database in later articles
The SampleDb database used in our articles represents a certain company consisting of departments (department) and employees (employee). Each employee belongs to only one department, and a department can contain one or more employees. Employees work on projects (project): at any time, each employee is busy simultaneously in one or more projects, and one or more employees can work on each project.
This information is represented in the SampleDb database (found in the sources) through four tables:
Department Employee Project Works_on
The organization of these tables is shown in the figures below. The Department table represents all departments in a company. Each department has the following attributes (columns):
Department(Number, DepartmentName, Location)
The Number attribute represents the unique number of each department, the DepartmentName attribute represents its name, and the Location attribute represents the location. The Employee table represents all employees in the company. Each employee has the following attributes (columns):
Employee(Id, FirstName, LastName, DepartmentNumber)
The Id attribute represents the unique personnel number of each employee, the FirstName and LastName attributes represent the employee's first and last names, respectively, and the DepartmentNumber attribute represents the number of the department in which the employee works.
All projects of the company are presented in the Project table, which consists of the following columns (attributes):
Project(ProjectNumber, ProjectName, Budget)
The ProjectNumber column indicates a single-digit project number, while the ProjectName and Budget columns indicate the name and budget of the project, respectively.
The Works_on table indicates the relationship between employees and projects:
Works_on(EmpId, ProjectNumber, Job, EnterDate)
The EmpId column indicates the employee's personnel number, and the ProjectNumber column indicates the number of the project in which he takes part. The combination of the values of these two columns is always unique. The Job and EnterDate columns indicate the position and start of work of the employee in this project respectively.
Using the SampleDb database as an example, we can describe some of the main properties of relational database systems:
The rows of the table are not organized in any particular order.
Also, the columns of the table are not organized in any particular order.
Each table column must have a unique name in any given table. But different tables may contain columns with the same name. For example, the Department table contains a Number column and a column with the same name exists in the Project table.
Each table data element must contain one value. This means that any cell at the intersection of rows and columns of a table never contains any set of values.
Every table contains at least one column whose values define the property that no two rows contain the same combination of values for all of the table's columns. In the relational data model, such a column is called candidate key. If the table contains multiple candidate keys, the developer specifies one of them as primary key this table. For example, the primary key of the Department table would be the Number column, and the primary keys of the Employee tables would be Id. Finally, the primary key of the Works_on table will be a combination of the EmpId and ProjectNumber columns.
The table never contains identical rows. But this property exists only in theory, because the Database Engine and all other relational database systems allow identical rows to exist in a table.
SQL - relational database language
The relational database language in SQL Server is called Transact SQL. It is a variant of today's most significant database language - SQL language (Structured Query Language - structured query language). The origin of the SQL language is closely related to a project called System R, developed and implemented by IBM back in the early 80s of the last century. Through this project, it was demonstrated that using theoretical basis the work of Edgar F. Codd, it is possible to create a relational database system.
Unlike traditional programming languages such as C#, C++ and Java, SQL language is set-oriented. The developers of the language also call it record-oriented. This means that in SQL you can query data from multiple rows of one or more tables using just one statement. This is one of the most important advantages of the SQL language, allowing you to use this language in a logically more high level than traditional programming languages.
Another important property of the SQL language is its non-procedural nature. Any program written in procedural language(C#, C++, Java) describes step by step how to perform a specific task. In contrast, SQL, like any other non-procedural language, describes what the user wants. Thus, it is the responsibility of the system to find a suitable way to satisfy the user's request.
The SQL language contains two sublanguages: DDL (Data Definition Language) And DML (Data Manipulation Language). DDL instructions are also used to describe database table schemas. The DDL contains three general instructions SQL: CREATE, ALTER and DROP. These instructions are used to create, modify, and delete database objects, respectively, such as databases, tables, columns, and indexes.
Unlike the DDL language, the DML language covers all data manipulation operations. Four common operations are always used to manipulate databases: extract, insert, delete, and modify data (SELECT, INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE).
Microsoft SQL Server 2008.10.1 General structure of a DBMS
For a better understanding of the principles of operation of modern DBMS, let's consider the structure of one of the most common client-server DBMS - Microsoft SQL Server 2008. Although every commercial DBMS has its own distinctive features, information about how one of the DBMS is arranged is usually enough for a quick initial development of another DBMS. Short review Microsoft features SQL Server - 2008 was given in the section on a brief overview of modern DBMS. In this section, we will consider the main points related to the structure of the corresponding DBMS (database architecture and software structure).
Under the architecture (structure) of the database of a particular DBMS, we mean the main data representation models used in the corresponding DBMS, as well as the relationship between these models..
In accordance with the various levels of data description discussed in "Various architectural solutions used in the implementation of a multi-user DBMS. A brief overview of the DBMS", different levels of abstraction of the database architecture are distinguished.
logic level (data model level of the DBMS) - a means of representing the conceptual model. Here, each DBMS has some differences, but they are not very significant. Note that different DBMSs have significantly different transition mechanisms from the logical to the physical presentation level.
Physical layer (internal representation of data in computer memory - the physical structure of the database). This level consideration involves examining the database at the level of files stored on the hard drive. The structure of these files is a feature of each particular DBMS, incl. and Microsoft SQL Server.
Rice. 10.1.
10.2. Database architecture. logic level
Consider logic level database views (http://msdn.microsoft.com). Microsoft SQL Server 2008 is a relational DBMS (data is presented in the form of tables). Thus, tables are the main structure of the data model of this DBMS.
Tables and data types
Tables contain data about all entities in the conceptual database model. When describing each column (field), the user must determine the type of the corresponding data. Microsoft SQL Server 2008 supports traditional data types (character string with different representation, floating point number 8 or 4 bytes long, integer 2 or 4 bytes long, date and time, note field, boolean value, etc.). ) and new data types. In addition, Microsoft SQL Server 2008 provides a special tool for creating custom data types.
Consider brief description some new data types that greatly expand the user's capabilities (http://www.oszone.net).
hierarchyid data type
The hierarchyid data type allows you to create relationships between data elements in a table, in order to specify the position in the hierarchy of relationships between table rows. As a result of using this type of data in a table, the rows of a table can display a certain hierarchical structure corresponding to the relationships between the data in this table.
Spatial Data Types
Spatial data is data that defines geographic locations and shapes, primarily on the Earth. It can be landmarks, roads, and even the location of the company. SQL Server 2008 provides geography and geometry data types to work with this information. Data type geography works with information for a spherical earth. The spherical earth model uses the curvature of the earth's surface in its calculations. Position information is given by latitude and longitude. This model is well suited for maritime, military planning, and short-term ground-based applications. This model should be used if the data is stored as latitudes and longitudes.
Data type geometry works with a planar or flat earth model. In this model, the earth is considered to be a flat projection from a certain point. The flat earth model does not take into account the curvature of the earth's surface, so it is primarily used to describe short distances, such as in a database application that describes the interior of a building.
Types geography And geometry are created from vector objects specified in Well-Known Text (WKT) or Well-Known Binary (WKB) formats. These are the spatial data transfer formats described in the Open Geospatial Consortium ( OGC ) Simple Features for SQL Specifications.
Keys
Each table must be defined primary key - a minimum set of attributes that uniquely identifies each record in a table. To implement a relationship between tables, an additional field (several fields) is included in one of the related tables - the primary key of another table. The additionally included field or fields are in this case called the foreign key of the corresponding table.
In addition to tables, in the model Microsoft data SQL Server 2008 includes a number of other components. We give a brief description of the main ones.
Indices
In "Using a Formal Apparatus to Optimize Relationship Schemes" the concept of an index was considered. Here, the concept of an index is relegated to logic level for user convenience. Indexes are created to speed up searches necessary information and contain information about the ordering of data according to various criteria. Indexing can be done on one or more columns. Indexing can be done at any time. An index contains keys built from one or more columns in a table or view. These keys are stored as a structure balanced tree, which supports quick search rows by their key values in SQL Server.
Representation
The presentation is virtual table, the content of which is determined by the query. The view is formed on the basis of a SELECT SQL query formed according to the usual rules. Thus, a view is a named SELECT query.
Like a real table, a view consists of a collection of named columns and rows of data. Until a view is indexed, it does not exist in the database as a stored collection of values. Rows and columns of data are retrieved from tables specified in the query that defines the view and dynamically created when the view is accessed. The view performs the function of filtering the base tables it refers to. A view-defining query can be invoked on one or more tables or other views in the current or other databases. You can also use distributed queries to define views with data from multiple heterogeneous sources. This is useful, for example, if you want to combine data structured in this way that belongs to different servers, each of which stores data from a specific department of the organization.
Assemblies
Assemblies are dynamic library files that are used in an instance of SQL Server to deploy functions, stored procedures, triggers, user-defined aggregates, and user-defined types.
Restrictions
Constraints allow you to specify the method by which the Database Engine automatically enforces database integrity. Constraints define the rules for allowing certain values in columns and are a standard mechanism for ensuring integrity. It is recommended to use limits rather than triggers, rules, and defaults. Query optimizer also uses constraint definitions to build high performance execution plans requests.
Rules
Rules are another special mechanism designed to ensure the integrity of the database, similar in functionality to some types of restrictions.. Microsoft notes that when possible, the use of restrictions is preferable for a number of reasons and may be removed in a future release.
Default values
The default values determine what values to populate the column with if no value is specified for that column when inserting a row. The default value can be any expression whose result is a constant, such as a constant itself, a built-in function, or a mathematical expression.
Sometimes you really want to put your thoughts in order, put them on the shelves. And even better, in alphabetical and thematic sequence, so that, finally, clarity of thinking comes. Now imagine what chaos would be created in " electronic brains» any computer without a clear structuring of all data and Microsoft SQL Server:
MS SQL Server
The software is a relational database management system (DBMS) developed by Microsoft Corporation. For data manipulation, a specially developed language Transact-SQL is used. The language commands for selecting and modifying the database are built on the basis of structured queries:
Relational databases are built on the relationship of all structural elements, including due to their nesting. Relational databases have built-in support for the most common data types. As a result, SQL Server integrates support for programmatically structuring data using triggers and stored procedures.
Overview of MS SQL Server Features
The DBMS is part of a long chain of specialized software that Microsoft has created for developers. And this means that all links of this chain (applications) are deeply integrated with each other.
That is, their toolkit easily interacts with each other, which greatly simplifies the process of developing and writing program code. An example of such a relationship is the MS Visual Studio programming environment. Its installation package already includes SQL Server Express edition.
Of course, this is not the only popular DBMS on the world market. But it is she who is more acceptable for computers running under Windows control, due to its focus on this particular operating system. And not only because of this.
Advantages of MS SQL Server:
- Possesses a high degree performance and fault tolerance;
- It is a multi-user DBMS and works on the "client-server" principle;
The client part of the system supports the creation of user requests and their sending for processing to the server.
- Tight integration with operating system Windows;
- Support for remote connections;
- Support for popular data types, as well as the ability to create triggers and stored procedures;
- Built-in support for user roles;
- Extended database backup function;
- High degree of security;
- Each release includes several specialized editions.
Evolution of SQL Server
The features of this popular DBMS are most easily traced when considering the history of the evolution of all its versions. In more detail, we will focus only on those releases in which the developers made significant and dramatic changes:
- Microsoft SQL Server 1.0 was released back in 1990. Even then, experts noted the high speed of data processing, demonstrated even at maximum load in multi-user mode;
- SQL Server 6.0 - released in 1995. In this version, for the first time in the world, support for cursors and data replication was implemented;
- SQL Server 2000 - in this version, the server received a completely new engine. Most of the changes affected only the user side of the application;
- SQL Server 2005 - DBMS scalability has increased, the management and administration process has been simplified in many ways. A new API has been introduced to support software platform.NET
- Subsequent releases were aimed at developing the interaction of the DBMS at the level of cloud technologies and business intelligence tools.
The basic package of the system includes several utilities for configuring SQL Server. These include:
configuration manager. Allows you to manage all network settings and database server services. Used to configure SQL Server internally.
- SQL Server Error and Usage Reporting:
The utility is used to configure error reporting to Microsoft Support.
Used to optimize the performance of the database server. That is, you can customize the functioning of SQL Server to suit your needs by enabling or disabling certain features and components of the DBMS.
The set of utilities included in Microsoft SQL Server may differ depending on the version and edition of the software package. For example, in the 2008 version you will not find SQL Server Surface Area Configuration.
Starting Microsoft SQL Server
For this example, we will use the 2005 edition of the database server. The server can be started in several ways:
- Through the utility SQL Server Configuration Manager. In the application window on the left, select " SQL Server 2005 Services", And on the right - the instance of the database server we need. We mark it in the submenu right button mouse select "Start".
- Using the environment SQL Server Management Studio Express. It is not included in the Express edition installation package. Therefore, it must be downloaded separately from the official Microsoft website.
To start the database server, start the application. In the dialog box " Server connection"In the field" Server name»Select the instance we need. In field " Authentication» leave the value « Windows Authentication". And click on the " Connect»:
SQL Server Administration Basics
Before you start MS SQL Server, you need to briefly familiarize yourself with the basic features of its configuration and administration. Let's start with a more detailed overview of several utilities from the DBMS:
- SQL Server Surface Area Configuration- this should be used if you need to enable or disable any feature of the database server. At the bottom of the window there are two items: the first is responsible for network settings, and in the second, you can activate a service or function that is disabled by default. For example, enable integration with the .NET platform through T-SQL queries:
- SQL Server Management Studio is the main administration tool. This environment implements the ability to configure the server and databases, both through the application interface and using queries in the T-SQL language.
Basic settings can be made via Object Browser”, which displays all the main elements of the server in the form of a tree-like list on the left in the application window. The most important is the Security tab. Through it, you can configure the rights and roles of users and administrators for the main server, or separately for each database.
The first version of Microsoft Servers SQL was introduced by the company back in 1988. The DBMS was immediately positioned as a relational one, which, according to the manufacturer, has three advantages:
- stored procedures, thanks to which data sampling was accelerated and their integrity was maintained in multi-user mode;
- permanent access to administration without disconnecting users;
- open server platform that allows you to create third party applications that use SQL Server.
2005, codenamed Yukon with advanced scalability, was the first release to fully support .NET technology. Support for distributed data has improved, and the first reporting and information analysis tools have appeared.
Internet integration made it possible to use SQL Servers 2005 as the basis for creating e-commerce systems with simple and secure access to data through popular browsers using the built-in Firewall. The Enterprise version supported parallel computing on an unlimited number of processors.
Version 2005 was replaced by Microsoft SQL Server 2008, which is still one of the most popular servers databases, and a little later, the next version appeared - SQL Servers 2012, with support for compatibility with the .NET Framework and other advanced information processing technologies and the Visual Studio development environment. To access a special SQL Azure module was created.
Transact SQL
Since 1992, SQL has been the standard for database access. Almost all programming languages use it to access the database, even if it seems to the user that he is working with information directly. The basic syntax of the language remains the same for compatibility, but every database vendor has tried to add extra features to SQL. It was not possible to find a compromise, and after the "war of standards" there were two leaders: PL / SQL from Oracle and Transact-SQL from Microsoft Servers SQL.
T-SQL procedurally extends SQL to access Microsoft Servers SQL. But this does not exclude the development of applications on "standard" operators.
Automate your business with SQL Server 2008 R2
Reliable operation of business applications is extremely important for today's business. The slightest simple database can lead to huge losses. The Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 database server allows you to reliably and securely store virtually unlimited information using management tools familiar to all administrators. Vertical scaling up to 256 processors is supported.
Hyper-V technology makes the most of the power of today's multi-core systems. Support for multiple virtual systems on a single processor reduces overhead and improves scalability.
Analyze data
For fast real-time analysis of data streams, use the SQL Server StreamInsight component, which is optimized for given type tasks. You can develop your own applications based on .NET.
Business continuity and data security
Support for optimal performance at any time is provided by the resource regulator built into the server. The administrator can manage the load and system resources, set a limit for applications on the use of processor and memory resources. Encryption functions provide flexible and transparent protection of information and keep a log of access to it.
Unlimited database size
The data warehouse can be scaled quickly and securely. Users can use pre-built Fast Track Date Warehouse templates to support disk arrays up to 48TB. The base configuration supports hardware from leading manufacturers such as HP, EMC, and IBM. UCS 2 data compression functions allow you to save disk space more economically.
Improving the efficiency of developers and administrators
New software wizards allow you to quickly eliminate underutilized servers, improve control and optimize performance without the need for external third-party specialists. Control how your applications and databases work, find improvements in your dashboards, and speed up upgrades and installations.
Tools for personal business analysis
In companies, there has never been a consensus on who should do analytics - IT departments or directly users. The system for creating personal reports solves this problem through modern tools for the safe and efficient construction, analysis and modeling of business processes. Supports direct access to databases in Microsoft Office and SharePoint Server. Corporate information can be integrated with other types of content such as maps, graphics, and videos.
Convenient collaboration environment
Give your employees access to information, collaborative development, and data analysis with the PowerPivot app for Excel spreadsheet. The program allows you to analyze information and model business processes and publish reports for public access on the web or a SharePoint system.
For visual creation of internal reports, the Report Builder 3.0 system is offered, which supports many formats and a wide range of predefined templates.
Work with databases for free
The company provides small projects and novice developers with a special free version Microsoft SQL Server Express. This includes the same database technologies as the "full" versions of SQL Server.
Visual Studio and Web Developer development environments are supported. Create complex tables and queries, develop database-enabled web applications, access information directly from PHP.
Get the full power of Transact-SQL and the most advanced ADO.NET and LINQ data access technologies. Stored procedures, triggers, and functions are supported.
Concentrate on the elements of business logic, and the system will optimize the database structure on its own.
Create rich reports of any complexity. Use the search subsystem, integrate reports with Microsoft Office applications, and add geographic information to documents.
Developed applications can work in the absence of a connection to the database server. Synchronization is done automatically using proprietary technology transactional replication Sync Framework.
Administer your infrastructure with management policies for all databases and applications. Common operational scenarios reduce time for query optimization, creation and recovery backups enterprise scale.
SQL Server 2008 R2 Express Edition is ideal for rapid deployment of websites and online stores, programs for personal use, small businesses. This great option to get started and learn.
Manage databases using SQL Server Management Studio
Microsoft SQL Server Management is a specialized environment for creating, accessing and managing databases and all elements of SQL Server, including reporting services.
The system combines in one interface all the features of administration programs from earlier versions, such as Query Analyzer and Enterprise Manager. Administrators receive software with a large set of graphical development and management objects, as well as an extended scripting language for working with the database.
The Microsoft Server Management Studio code editor deserves special attention. It allows scripting in Transact-SQL, programming multi-dimensional data access queries and data analysis with support for storing results in XML. Creating queries and scripts is possible without a network or server connection, followed by execution and synchronization. There is a wide range of pre-installed templates and a version control system.
The Object Explorer module allows you to view and manage any of the built-in Microsoft Servers SQL objects on all servers and database instances. Easy access to the right information is essential for rapid application development and version control.
The system is based on the Visual Studio Isolated Shell system, which supports extensible settings and third-party extensions. There are many communities on the Internet where you can find all the necessary information and code examples for developing your own data management and processing tools.
According to the research company Forrester Research, the Microsoft SQL Server 2012 database server entered the top three in the corporate information storage market in 2013. Experts note that the rapid growth of Microsoft's market share is due to the corporation's comprehensive approach to automating business processes. Microsoft SQL Server is a modern platform for managing and storing all types of data, complete with analytics and development tools. Separately, it is worth noting the ease of integration with other company products, such as Office and SharePoint.
Loading...